|
Research>
OWR> Paths of the One World Religion
| |
Click for
Printer
Friendly Version
March 29, 1994
EVANGELICALS AND CATHOLICS
TOGETHER:
THE CHRISTIAN MISSION IN
THE THIRD MILLENNIUM
Introduction. I. We Affirm Together. II. We Hope Together III.
We Search Together. IV. We Contend Together. V. We Witness
Together. Conclusion.
INTRODUCTION.
We are Evangelical Protestants and Roman Catholics who have
been led through prayer, study, and discussion to common
convictions about Christian faith and mission. This statement
cannot speak officially for our communities. It does intend to
speak responsibly from our communities and to our communities.
In this statement we address what we have discovered both
about our unity and about our differences. We are aware that
our experience reflects the distinctive circumstances and
opportunities of Evangelicals and Catholics living together in
North America. At the same time, we believe that what we have
discovered and resolved is pertinent to the relationship
between Evangelicals and Catholics in other parts of the
world. We therefore commend this statement to their prayerful
consideration.
As the Second Millennium draws to a close, the Christian
mission in world history faces a moment of daunting
opportunity and responsibility. If in the merciful and
mysterious ways of God the Second Coming is delayed, we enter
upon a Third Millennium that could be, in the words of John
Paul II, "a springtime of world missions." (Redemptoris
Missio)
As Christ is one, so the Christian mission is one. That one
mission can be and should be advanced in diverse ways.
Legitimate diversity, however, should not be confused with
existing divisions between Christians that obscure the one
Christ and hinder the one mission. There is a necessary
connection between the visible unity of Christians and the
mission of the one Christ. We together pray for the
fulfillment of the prayer of Our Lord: "May they all be
one; as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, so also may they
be in us, that the one, may believe that you sent me."
(John 17) We together, Evangelicals and Catholics, confess our
sins against the unity that Christ intends for all his
disciples.
The one Christ and one mission includes many other
Christians, notably the Eastern Orthodox and those Protestants
not commonly identified as Evangelical. All Christians are
encompassed in the prayer, "May they all be one."
Our present statement attends to the specific problems and
opportunities in the relationship between Roman Catholics and
Evangelical Protestants.
As we near the Third Millennium, there are approximately
1.7 billion Christians in the world. About a billion of these
are Catholics and more than 300 million are Evangelical
Protestants. The century now drawing to a close has been the
greatest century of missionary expansion in Christian history.
We pray and we believe that this expansion has prepared the
way for yet greater missionary endeavor in the first century
of the Third Millennium.
The two communities in world Christianity that are most
evangelistically assertive and most rapidly growing are
Evangelicals and Catholics. In many parts of the world, the
relationship between these communities is marked more by
conflict than by cooperation, more by animosity than by love,
more by suspicion than by trust, more by propaganda and
ignorance than by respect for the truth. This is alarmingly
the case in Latin America, increasingly the case in Eastern
Europe, and too often the case in our own country.
Without ignoring conflicts between and within other
Christian communities, we address ourselves to the
relationship between Evangelicals and Catholics who constitute
the growing edge of missionary expansion at present and, most
likely, in the century ahead. In doing so, we hope that what
we have discovered and resolved may be of help in other
situations of conflict, such as that among Orthodox,
Evangelicals, and Catholics in Eastern Europe. While we are
gratefully aware of ongoing efforts to address tensions among
these communities, the shameful reality is that, in many
places around the world, the scandal of conflict between
Christians obscures the scandal of the cross, thus crippling
the one mission of the one Christ.
As in times past, so also today and in the future, the
Christian mission, which is directed to the entire human
community, must be advanced against formidable opposition. In
some cultures, that mission encounters resurgent
spiritualities and religions that are explicitly hostile to
the claims of the Christ. Islam, which in many instances
denies the freedom to witness to the Gospel, must be of
increasing concern to those who care about religious freedom
and the Christian mission. Mutually respectful conversation
between Muslims and Christians should be encouraged in the
hope that more of the world will, in the oft repeated words of
John Paul II, "open the door to Christ." At the same
time, in our so-called developed societies, a widespread
secularization increasingly descends into a moral,
intellectual, and spiritual nihilism that denies not only the
One who is the Truth but the very idea of truth itself.
We enter the twenty-first century without illusions. With
Paul and the Christians of the first century, we know that
"we are not contending against flesh and blood, but
against the principalities, against the powers, against the
world rulers of this present darkness, against the spiritual
hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places." (Ephesians
6) As Evangelicals and Catholics, we dare not by needless and
loveless conflict between ourselves give aid and comfort to
the enemies of the cause of Christ.
The love of Christ compels us and we are therefore resolved
to avoid such conflict between our communities and, where such
conflict exists, to do what we can to reduce and eliminate it.
Beyond that, we are called and we are therefore resolved to
explore patterns of working and witnessing together in order
to advance the one mission of Christ. Our common resolve is
not based merely on a desire for harmony. We reject any
appearance of harmony that is purchased at the price of truth.
Our common resolve is made imperative by obedience to the
truth of God revealed in the Word of God, the Holy Scriptures,
and by trust in the promise of the Holy Spirit's guidance
until Our Lord returns in glory to judge the living and the
dead.
The mission that we embrace together is the necessary
consequence of the faith that we affirm together.
I. WE AFFIRM TOGETHER
Jesus Christ is Lord. That is the first and final affirmation
that Christians make about all of reality. He is the One sent
by God to be Lord and Savior of all, "And there is
salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under
heaven given among men by which we must be saved." (Acts
4) Christians are people ahead of time, those who proclaim now
what will one day be acknowledged by all, that Jesus Christ is
Lord. (Philippians 2)
We affirm together that we are justified by grace through
faith because of Christ. Living faith is active in love that
is nothing less than the love of Christ, for we together say
with Paul: "I have been crucified with Christ; it is no
longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me; and the life I
now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who
loved me and gave himself for me." (Galatians 2)
All who accept Christ as Lord and Savior are brothers and
sisters in Christ. Evangelicals and Catholics are brothers and
sisters in Christ. We have not chosen one another, just as we
have not chosen Christ. He has chosen us, and he has chosen us
to be his together. (John 15) However imperfect our communion
with one another, however deep our disagreements with one
another, we recognize that there is but one church of Christ.
There is one church because there is one Christ and the church
is his body. However difficult the way, we recognize that we
are called by God to a fuller realization of our unity in the
body of Christ. The only unity to which we would give
expression is unity in the truth, and the truth is this:
"There is one body and one Spirit, just as you were
called to the one hope that belongs to your call, one Lord,
one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of us all, who is
above all and through all and in all." (Ephesians 4)
We affirm together that Christians are to teach and live in
obedience to the divinely inspired Scriptures, which are the
infallible Word of God. We further affirm together that Christ
has promised to his church the gift of the Holy Spirit who
will lead us into all truth in discerning and declaring the
teaching of Scripture. (John 16) We recognize together that
the Holy Spirit has so guided his church in the past. In, for
instance, the formation of the canon of the Scriptures, and in
the orthodox response to the great Christological and
Trinitarian controversies of the early centuries, we
confidently acknowledge the guidance of the Holy Spirit. In
faithful response to the Spirit's leading, the church
formulated the Apostles Creed which we can and hereby do
affirm together as an accurate statement of Scriptural truth:
I believe in God, the Father almighty, creator of heaven
and earth.
I believe in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord. He was
conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and born of the
virgin Mary. He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified,
died, and was buried. He descended into hell. On the third day
he rose again. He ascended into heaven, and is seated at the
right hand of the Father. He will come again to judge the
living and the dead.
I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic Church, the
communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection
of the body, and the life everlasting.
Amen.
II. WE HOPE TOGETHER
We hope together that all people will come to faith in Jesus
Christ as Lord and Savior. This hope makes necessary the
church's missionary zeal. "But how are they to call upon
him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to
believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they
to hear without a preacher? And how can men preach unless they
are sent?" (Romans 10) The church is by nature, in all
places and at all times, in mission. Our missionary hope is
inspired by the revealed desire of God that "all should
be saved and come to a knowledge of the truth." (I
Timothy 2)
The church lives by and for the Great Commission: "Go
therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in
the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,
teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you; and
lo, I am with you always, to the close of the age."
(Matthew 28)
Unity and love among Christians is an integral part of our
missionary witness to the Lord whom we serve. "A new
commandment I give to you, that you love one another; even as
I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all
men will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for
one another." (John 13) If we do not love one another, we
disobey his command and contradict the Gospel we declare.
As Evangelicals and Catholics, we pray that our unity in
the love of Christ will become ever more evident as a sign to
the world of God's reconciling power. Our communal and
ecclesial separations are deep and long standing. We
acknowledge that we do not know the schedule nor do we know
the way to the greater visible unity for which we hope. We do
know that existing patterns of distrustful polemic and
conflict are not the way. We do know that God who has brought
us into communion with himself through Christ intends that we
also be in communion with one another. We do know that Christ
is the way, the truth, and the life (John 14) and as we are
drawn closer to him -- walking in that way, obeying that
truth, living that life -- we are drawn closer to one another.
Whatever may be the future form of the relationship between
our communities, we can, we must, and we will begin now the
work required to remedy what we know to be wrong in that
relationship. Such work requires trust and understanding, and
trust and understanding require an assiduous attention to
truth. We do not deny but clearly assert that there are
disagreements between us. Misunderstandings,
misrepresentations, and caricatures of one another, however,
are not disagreements. These distortions must be cleared away
if we are to search through our honest differences in a manner
consistent with what we affirm and hope together on the basis
of God's Word.
III. WE SEARCH TOGETHER
Together we search for a fuller and clearer understanding of
God's revelation in Christ and his will for his disciples.
Because of the limitations of human reason and language, which
limitations are compounded by sin, we cannot understand
completely the transcendent reality of God and his ways. Only
in the End Time will we see face to face and know as we are
known. (I Corinthians 13) We now search together in confident
reliance upon God' s self-revelation in Jesus Christ, the sure
testimony of Holy Scripture, and the promise of the Spirit to
his church. In this search to understand the truth more fully
and clearly, we need one another. We are both informed and
limited by the histories of our communities and by our own
experiences. Across the divides of communities and
experiences, we need to challenge one another, always speaking
the truth in love, and in order to build up the Body.
(Ephesians 4)
We do not presume to suggest that we can resolve the deep
and long standing differences between Evangelicals and
Catholics. Indeed these differences may never be resolved
short of the Kingdom Come. Nonetheless, we are not permitted
simply to resign ourselves to differences that divide us from
one another. Not all differences are authentic disagreements,
nor need all disagreements divide. Differences and
disagreements must be tested in disciplined and sustained
conversation. In this connection we warmly commend and
encourage the formal theological dialogues of recent years
between Roman Catholics and Evangelicals.
We note some of the differences and disagreements that must
be addressed more fully and candidly in order to strengthen
between us a relationship of trust in obedience to truth.
Among points of difference in doctrine, worship, practice, and
piety that are frequently thought to divide us are these:
- The church as an integral part of the Gospel or the
church as a communal consequence of the Gospel.
- The church as visible communion or invisible
fellowship of true believers.
- The sole authority of Scripture (sola scriptura) or
Scripture as authoritatively interpreted in the church.
- The soul freedom of the individual Christian or the
Magisterium (teaching authority) of the community.
- The church as local congregation or universal
communion.
- Ministry ordered in apostolic succession or the
priesthood of all believers.
- Sacraments and ordinances as symbols of grace or means
of grace.
- The Lord's Supper as eucharistic sacrifice or memorial
meal.
- Remembrance of Mary and the saints or devotion to Mary
and the saints.
- Baptism as sacrament of regeneration or testimony to
regeneration.
This account of differences is by no means complete. Nor is
the disparity between positions always so sharp as to warrant
the "or" in the above formulations. Moreover, among
those recognized as Evangelical Protestants there are
significant differences between, for example, Baptists,
Pentecostals, and Calvinists on these questions. But the
differences mentioned above reflect disputes that are deep and
long standing. In at least some instances, they reflect
authentic disagreements that have been in the past and are at
present barriers to full communion between Christians.
On these questions, and other questions implied by them,
Evangelicals hold that the Catholic Church has gone beyond
Scripture, adding teachings and practices that detract from or
compromise the Gospel of God's saving grace in Christ.
Catholics, in turn, hold that such teachings and practices are
grounded in Scripture and belong to the fulness of God's
revelation. Their rejection, Catholics say, results in a
truncated and reduced understanding of the Christian reality.
Again, we cannot resolve these disputes here. We can and do
affirm together that the entirety of Christian faith, life,
and mission finds its source, center, and end in the crucified
and risen Lord. We can and do pledge that we will continue to
search together -- through study, discussion, and prayer --
for a better understanding of one another's convictions and a
more adequate comprehension of the truth of God in Christ. We
can testify now that in our searching together we have
discovered what we can affirm together and what we can hope
together and, therefore, how we can contend together.
IV. WE CONTEND TOGETHER
As we are bound together by Christ and his cause, so we are
bound together in contending against all that opposes Christ
and his cause. We are emboldened not by illusions of easy
triumph but by faith in his certain triumph. Our Lord wept
over Jerusalem, and he now weeps over a world that does not
know the time of its visitation. The raging of the
principalities and powers may increase as the End Time nears,
but the outcome of the contest is assured.
The cause of Christ is the cause and mission of the church,
which is, first of all, to proclaim the Good News that
"God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself, not
counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us
the message of reconciliation." (2 Corinthians 5) To
proclaim this Gospel and to sustain the community of faith,
worship, and discipleship that is gathered by this Gospel is
the first and chief responsibility of the church. All other
tasks and responsibilities of the church are derived from and
directed toward the mission of the Gospel.
Christians individually and the church corporately also
have a responsibility for the right ordering of civil society.
We embrace this task soberly; knowing the consequences of
human sinfulness, we resist the utopian conceit that it is
within our powers to build the Kingdom of God on earth. We
embrace this task hopefully; knowing that God has called us to
love our neighbor, we seek to secure for all a greater measure
of civil righteousness and justice, confident that he will
crown our efforts when he rightly orders all things in the
coming of his Kingdom.
In the exercise of these public responsibilities there has
been in recent years a growing convergence and cooperation
between Evangelicals and Catholics. We thank God for the
discovery of one another in contending for a common cause.
Much more important, we thank God for the discovery of one
another as brothers and sisters in Christ. Our cooperation as
citizens is animated by our convergence as Christians. We
promise one another that we will work to deepen, build upon,
and expand this pattern of convergence and cooperation.
Together we contend for the truth that politics, law, and
culture must be secured by morale truth. With the Founders of
the American experiment, we declare, "We hold these
truths." With them, we hold that this constitutional
order is composed not just of rules and procedures but is most
essentially a moral experiment. With them, we hold that only a
virtuous people can be free and just, and that virtue is
secured by religion. To propose that securing civil virtue is
the purpose of religion is blasphemous. To deny that securing
civil virtue is a benefit of religion is blindness.
Americans are drifting away from, are often explicitly
defying, the constituting truths of this experiment in ordered
liberty. Influential sectors of the culture are laid waste by
relativism, anti-intellectualism, and nihilism that deny the
very idea of truth. Against such influences in both the elite
and popular culture, we appeal to reason and religion in
contending for the foundational truths of our constitutional
order.
More specifically, we contend together for religious
freedom. We do so for the sake of religion, but also because
religious freedom is the first freedom, the source and shield
of all human freedoms. In their relationship to God, persons
have a dignity and responsibility that transcends, and thereby
limits, the authority of the state and of every other merely
human institution.
Religious freedom is itself grounded in and is a product of
religious faith, as is evident in the history of Baptists and
others in this country. Today we rejoice together that the
Roman Catholic Church -- as affirmed by the Second Vatican
Council and boldly exemplified in the ministry of John Paul II
-- is strongly committed to religious freedom and,
consequently, to the defense of all human rights. Where
Evangelicals and Catholics are in severe and sometimes violent
conflict, such as parts of Latin America, we urge Christians
to embrace and act upon the imperative of religious freedom.
Religious freedom will not be respected by the state if it is
not respected by Christians or, even worse, if Christians
attempt to recruit the state in repressing religious freedom.
In this country, too, freedom of religion cannot be taken
for granted but requires constant attention. We strongly
affirm the separation of church and state, and just as
strongly protest the distortion of that principle to mean the
separation of religion from public life. We are deeply
concerned by the courts' narrowing of the protections provided
by the "free exercise" provision of the First
Amendment and by an obsession with "no
establishment" that stifles the necessary role of
religion in American life. As a consequence of such
distortions, it is increasingly the case that wherever
government goes religion must retreat, and government
increasingly goes almost everywhere. Religion, which was
privileged and foundational in our legal order, has in recent
years been penalized and made marginal. We contend together
for a renewal of the constituting vision of the place of
religion in the American experiment.
Religion and religiously grounded moral conviction is not
an alien or threatening force in our public life. For the
great majority of Americans, morality is derived, however
variously and confusedly, from religion. The argument,
increasingly voiced in sectors of our political culture, that
religion should be excluded from the public square must be
recognized as an assault upon the most elementary principles
of democratic governance. That argument needs to be exposed
and countered by leaders, religious and other, who care about
the integrity of our constitutional order.
The pattern of convergence and cooperation between
Evangelicals and Catholics is, in large part, a result of
common effort to protect human life, especially the lives of
the most vulnerable among us. With the Founders, we hold that
all human beings are endowed by their Creator with the right
to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The statement
that the unborn child is a human life that -- barring natural
misfortune or lethal intervention -- will become what everyone
recognizes as a human baby is not a religious assertion. It is
a statement of simple biological fact. That the unborn child
has a right to protection, including the protection of law, is
a moral statement supported by moral reason and Biblical
truth.
We, therefore, will persist in contending -- we will not be
discouraged but will multiply every effort -- in order to
secure the legal protection of the unborn. Our goals are: to
secure due process of law for the unborn, to enact the most
protective laws and public policies that are politically
possible, and to reduce dramatically the incidence of
abortion. We warmly commend those who have established
thousands of crisis pregnancy and post-natal care centers
across the country, and urge that such efforts be multiplied.
As the unborn must be protected, so also must women be
protected from their current rampant exploitation by the
abortion industry and by fathers who refuse to accept
responsibility for women and children. Abortion on-demand,
which is the current rule in America, must be recognized as a
massive attack on the dignity, rights, and needs of women.
Abortion is the leading edge of an encroaching culture of
death. The helpless old, the radically handicapped, and others
who cannot effectively assert their rights are increasingly
treated as though they have no rights. These are the powerless
who are exposed to the will and whim of those who have power
over them. We will do all in our power to resist proposals for
euthanasia, eugenics, and population control that exploit the
vulnerable, corrupt the integrity of medicine, deprave our
culture, and betray the moral truths of our constitutional
order.
In public education, we contend together for schools that
transmit to coming generations our cultural heritage, which is
inseparable from the formative influence of religion,
especially Judaism and Christianity. Education for responsible
citizenship and social behavior is inescapably moral
education. Every effort must be made to cultivate the morality
of honesty, law observance, work, caring, chastity, mutual
respect between sexes, and readiness for marriage, parenthood,
and family. We reject the claim that, in any or all of these
areas, "tolerance" requires the promotion of moral
equivalence between the normative and the deviant. In a
democratic society that recognizes that parents have the
primary responsibility for the formation of their children,
schools are to assist and support, not oppose and undermine,
parents in the exercise of their responsibility.
We contend together for a comprehensive policy of parental
choice in education. This is a moral question of simple
justice. Parents are the primary educators of their children;
the state and other institutions should be supportive of their
exercise of that responsibility. We affirm policies that
enable parents to effectively exercise their right and
responsibility to choose the schooling that they consider best
for their children.
We contend together against the widespread pornography in
our society, along with the celebration of violence, sexual
depravity, and anti-religious bigotry in the entertainment
media. In resisting such cultural and moral debasement, we
recognize the legitimacy of boycotts and other consumer
actions, and urge the enforcement of existing laws against
obscenity. We reject the self-serving claim of the peddlers of
depravity that this constitutes illegitimate censorship. We
reject the assertion of the unimaginative that artistic
creativity is to be measured by the capacity to shock or
outrage. A people incapable of defending decency invites the
rule of viciousness, both public and personal.
We contend for a renewed spirit of acceptance,
understanding, and cooperation across lines of religion, race,
ethnicity, sex, and class. We are all created in the image of
God and are accountable to him. That truth is the basis of
individual responsibility and equality before the law. The
abandonment of that truth has resulted in a society at war
with itself, pitting citizens against one another in bitter
conflicts of group grievances and claims to entitlement.
Justice and social amity require a redirection of public
attitudes and policies so that rights are joined to duties and
people are rewarded according to their character and
competence.
We contend for a free society with a vibrant market
economy. A free society requires a careful balancing between
economics, politics, and culture. Christianity is not an
ideology and therefore does not prescribe precisely how that
balance is to be achieved in every circumstance. We affirm the
importance of a free economy not only because it is more
efficient but because it accords with a Christian
understanding of human freedom. Economic freedom, while
subject to grave abuse, makes possible the patterns of
creativity, cooperation, and accountability that contribute to
the common good.
We contend together for a renewed appreciation of Western
culture. In its history and missionary reach, Christianity
engages all cultures while being captive to none. We are
keenly aware of, and grateful for, the role of Christianity in
shaping and sustaining the Western culture of which we are
part. s with all of history, that culture is marred by human
sinfulness. Alone among world cultures, however, the West has
cultivated an attitude of self-criticism and of eagerness to
learn from other cultures. What is called multiculturalism can
mean respectful attention to human differences. More commonly
today, however, multiculturalism means affirming all cultures
but our own. Welcoming the contributions of other cultures and
being ever alert to the limitations of our own, we receive
Western culture as our legacy and embrace it as our task in
order to transmit it as a gift to future generations.
We contend for public policies that demonstrate renewed
respect for the irreplaceable role of mediating structures in
society -- notably the family, churches, and myriad voluntary
associations. The state is not the society, and many of the
most important functions of society are best addressed in
independence from the state. The role of churches in
responding to a wide variety of human needs, especially among
the poor and marginal, needs to be protected and strengthened.
Moreover, society is not the aggregate of isolated individuals
bearing rights but is composed of communities that inculcate
responsibility, sustain shared memory, provide mutual aid, and
nurture the habits that contribute to both personal well-being
and the common good. Most basic among such communities is the
community of the family. Laws and social policies should be
designed with particular care for the stability and
flourishing of families. While the crisis of the family in
America is by no means limited to the poor or to the
underclass, heightened attention must be paid those who have
become, as a result of well intended but misguided statist
policies, virtual wards of the government.
Finally, we contend for a realistic and responsible
understanding of America's part in world affairs. Realism and
responsibility require that we avoid both the illusions of
unlimited power and righteousness, on the one hand, and the
timidity and selfishness of isolationism, on the other. U.S.
foreign policy should reflect a concern for the defense of
democracy and, wherever prudent and possible, the protection
and advancement of human rights, including religious freedom.
The above is a partial list of public responsibilities on
which we believe there is a pattern of convergence and
cooperation between Evangelicals and Catholics. We reject the
notion that this constitutes a partisan "religious
agenda" in American politics. Rather, this is a set of
directions oriented to the common good and discussable on the
basis of public reason. While our sense of civic
responsibility is informed and motivated by Christian faith,
our intention is to elevate the level of political and moral
discourse in a manner that excludes no one and invites the
participation of all people of good will. To that end,
Evangelicals and Catholics have made an inestimable
contribution in the past and, it is our hope, will contribute
even more effectively in the future.
We are profoundly aware that the American experiment has
been, all in all, a blessing to the world and a blessing to us
as Evangelical and Catholic Christians. We are determined to
assume our full share of responsibility for this "one
nation under God," believing it to be a nation under the
judgment, mercy, and providential care of the Lord of the
nations to whom alone we render unqualified allegiance.
V. WE WITNESS TOGETHER
The question of Christian witness unavoidably returns us to
points of serious tension between Evangelicals and Catholics.
Bearing witness to the saving power of Jesus Christ and his
will for our lives is an integral part of Christian
discipleship. The achievement of good will and cooperation
between Evangelicals and Catholics must not be at the price of
the urgency and clarity of Christian witness to the Gospel. At
the same time, and as noted earlier, Our Lord has made clear
that the evidence of love among his disciples is an integral
part of that Christian witness.
Today, in this country and elsewhere, Evangelicals and
Catholics attempt to win "converts" from one
another's folds. In some ways, this is perfectly
understandable and perhaps inevitable. In many instances,
however, such efforts at recruitment undermine the Christian
mission by which we are bound by God's Word and to which we
have recommitted ourselves in this statement. It should be
clearly understood between Catholics and Evangelicals that
Christian witness is of necessity aimed at conversion.
Authentic conversion is -- in its beginning, in its end, and
all along the way -- conversion to God in Christ by the power
of the Spirit. In this connection, we embrace as our own the
explanation of the Baptist-Roman Catholic International
Conversation (1988):
Conversion is turning away from all that is opposed to God,
contrary to Christ's teaching, and turning to God, to Christ,
the Son, through the work of the Holy Spirit. It entails a
turning from the self-centeredness of sin to faith in Christ
as Lord and Savior. Conversion is a passing from one way of
life to another new one, marked with the newness of Christ. It
is a continuing process so that the whole life of a Christian
should be a passage from death to life, from error to truth,
from sin to grace. Our life in Christ demands continual growth
in God's grace. Conversion is personal but not private.
Individuals respond in faith to God's call but faith comes
from hearing the proclamation of the word of God and is to be
expressed in the life together in Christ that is the Church.
By preaching, teaching, and life example, Christians
witness to Christians and non-Christians alike. We seek and
pray for the conversion of others, even as we recognize our
own continuing need to be fully converted. As we strive to
make Christian faith and life -- our own and that of others --
ever more intentional rather than nominal, ever more committed
rather than apathetic, we also recognize the different forms
that authentic discipleship can take. As is evident in the two
thousand year history of the church, and in our contemporary
experience, there are different ways of being Christian, and
some of these ways are distinctively marked by communal
patterns of worship, piety, and catechesis. That we are all to
be one does not mean that we are all to be identical in our
way of following the one Christ. Such distinctive patterns of
discipleship, it should be noted, are amply evident within the
communion of the Catholic Church as well as within the many
worlds of Evangelical Protestantism.
It is understandable that Christians who bear witness to
the Gospel try to persuade others that their communities and
traditions are more fully in accord with the Gospel. There is
a necessary distinction between evangelizing and what is today
commonly called proselytizing or "sheep stealing."
We condemn the practice of recruiting people from another
community for purposes of denominational or institutional
aggrandizement. At the same time, our commitment to full
religious freedom compels us to defend the legal freedom to
proselytize even as we call upon Christians to refrain from
such activity.
Three observations are in order in connection with
proselytizing. First, as much as we might believe one
community is more fully in accord with the Gospel than
another, we as Evangelicals and Catholics affirm that
opportunity and means for growth in Christian discipleship are
available in our several communities. Second, the decision of
the committed Christian with respect to his communal
allegiance and participation must be assiduously respected.
Third, in view of the large number of non-Christians in the
world and the enormous challenge of our common evangelistic
task, it is neither theologically legitimate nor a prudent use
of resources for one Christian community to proselytize among
active adherents of another Christian community.
Christian witness must always be made in a spirit of love
and humility. It must not deny but must readily accord to
everyone the full freedom to discern and decide what is God's
will for his life. Witness that is in service to the truth is
in service to such freedom. Any form of coercion -- physical,
psychological, legal, economic -- corrupts Christian witness
and is to be unqualifiedly rejected. Similarly, bearing false
witness against other persons and communities, or casting
unjust and uncharitable suspicions upon them, is incompatible
with the Gospel. Also to be rejected is the practice of
comparing the strengths and ideals of one community with the
weaknesses and failures of an other. In describing the
teaching and practices of other Christians, we must strive do
so in a way that they would recognize as fair and accurate.
In considering the many corruptions of Christian witness,
we, Evangelicals and Catholics, confess that we have sinned
against one another and against God. We most earnestly ask the
forgiveness of God and one another, and pray for the grace to
amend our own lives and that of our communities.
Repentance and amendment of life do not dissolve remaining
differences between us. In the context of evangelization and
"reevangelization," we encounter a major difference
in our understanding of the relationship between baptism and
the new birth in Christ. For Catholics, all who are validly
baptized are born again and are truly, however imperfectly, in
communion with Christ. That baptismal grace is to be
continuingly reawakened and revivified through conversion. For
most Evangelicals, but not all, the experience of conversion
is to be followed by baptism as a sign of new birth. For
Catholics, all the baptized are already members of the church,
however dormant their faith and life; for many Evangelicals,
the new birth requires baptismal initiation into the community
of the born again. These differing beliefs about the
relationship between baptism, new birth, and membership in the
church should be honestly presented to the Christian who has
undergone conversion. But again, his decision regarding
communal allegiance and participation must be assiduously
respected.
There are, then, differences between us that cannot be
resolved here. But on this we are resolved: All authentic
witness must be aimed at conversion to God in Christ by the
power of the Spirit. Those converted -- whether understood as
having received the new birth for the first time or as having
experienced the reawakening of the new birth originally
bestowed in the sacrament of baptism -- must be given full
freedom and respect as they discern and decide the community
in which they will live their new life in Christ. In such
discernment and decision, they are ultimately responsible to
God, and we dare not interfere with the exercise of that
responsibility. Also in our differences and disagreements, we
Evangelicals and Catholics commend one another to God
"who by the power at work within us is able to do far
more abundantly than all that we ask or think."
(Ephesians 3)
In this discussion of witnessing together we have touched
on difficult and long standing problems. The difficulties must
not be permitted to overshadow the truths on which we are, by
the grace of God, in firm agreement. As we grow in mutual
understanding and trust, it is our hope that our efforts to
evangelize will not jeopardize but will reinforce our devotion
to the common tasks to which we have pledged ourselves in this
statement.
CONCLUSION
Nearly two thousand years after it began, and nearly five
hundred years after the divisions of the Reformation era, the
Christian mission to the world is vibrantly alive and
assertive. We do not know, we cannot know, what the Lord of
history has in store for the Third Millennium. It may be the
springtime of world missions and great Christian expansion. It
may be the way of the cross marked by persecution and apparent
marginalization. In different places and times, it will likely
be both. Or it may be that Our Lord will return tomorrow.
We do know that his promise is sure, that we are enlisted
for the duration, and that we are in this together. We do know
that we must affirm and hope and search and contend and
witness together, for we belong not to ourselves but to him
who has purchased us by the blood of the cross. We do know
that this is a time of opportunity -- and, if of opportunity,
then of responsibility -- for Evangelicals and Catholics to be
Christians together in a way that helps prepare the world for
the coming of him to whom belongs the kingdom, the power, and
the glory forever. Amen. + + +
Copyright (c) 2000 by First Things") and this
Copyright/Reproduction Limitations notice
This statement appeared in the May 1994 issue of First Things,
a monthly journal published in New York City by the Institute
on Religion and Public Life.
Copyright . All articles are
the sole property of SeekGod.ca and Vicky Dillen
|
Do You KNOW Jesus
Christ? | |
Now is the time
to accept Jesus as your Lord and Savior. "Behold now is the
accepted time; behold now is the day of salvation."
2Corinthians 6:2
If you read only one article on this
website, please let it be:
God's Simple
Plan of Salvation. It concerns the most important
decision you will ever make in your life! Don't let this
opportunity to be saved pass you by.
If you don't know Jesus Christ as your Lord and
Savior, and would like some help understanding His gift of
eternal salvation, please contact us. Saying a prayer
won't save you. Prayer is merely expressing to God how you
feel. Believing and repenting are just the beginning of
walking with Jesus Christ as Lord and
Savior.


|